Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Poor countries need to bring about change in their existing farming techniques. 2. Developed countries have better infrastructure and they waste less food. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

1. Poor countries need to bring about change in their existing farming techniques — Valid. If the passage contrasts food insecurity in poor countries with low productivity or outdated agricultural practices, this assumption follows reasonably.

2. Developed countries have better infrastructure and they waste less food — Not valid. Better infrastructure may be true, but developed countries often waste more food at retail/consumer levels; so the combined assumption does not hold.

Correct answer: (a) 1 only.