Prelims 2023 · Science and Technology · Question 28
Consider the following statements:
- Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature above the boiling point of water.
- Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature below the freezing point of water.
- Some microorganisms can grow in highly acidic environment with a pH below 3.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Answer
All three
1. Above 100°C: Correct. Hyperthermophilic microorganisms (especially archaea) are known to grow in hydrothermal vents and similar high-pressure environments at temperatures above the boiling point of water.
2. Below 0°C: Correct. Psychrophilic microorganisms can grow in polar ice, glaciers, and brines where liquid water exists even below the normal freezing point.
3. pH below 3: Correct. Acidophilic microorganisms thrive in highly acidic environments such as acid hot springs and mine drainage, often at pH well below 3.
Hence, all three statements are correct.