Civil Services Prep

Prelims 2019 · Science and Technology · Question 48

Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?

  1. Genetic predisposition of some people
  2. Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases
  3. Using antibiotics in livestock farming
  4. Multiple chronic diseases in some people

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. 1 and 2
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1, 3 and 4
  4. 2, 3 and 4

Answer

2 and 3 only

1. Genetic predisposition of some people — Multi-drug resistance arises mainly due to selection pressure on microbes, not because some humans are genetically predisposed. Verdict: Incorrect.

2. Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases — Incomplete/incorrect antibiotic use allows surviving microbes to develop and spread resistance. Verdict: Correct.

3. Using antibiotics in livestock farming — Antibiotic use in animals promotes resistant strains that can enter humans through food, environment, or contact. Verdict: Correct.

4. Multiple chronic diseases in some people — Chronic diseases may increase susceptibility to infection, but they are not a primary reason for the emergence of microbial multi-drug resistance. Verdict: Incorrect.

Hence, only 2 and 3 are correct. Answer: (b).

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