Civil Services Prep

Prelims MCQ · Modern History and the Freedom Struggle

Consider the following assertion:

By the late 1920s, revolutionary politics associated with the HRA/HSRA had begun to redefine revolution as a mass-based socialist transformation rather than merely as individual violent action.

Which one of the following developments most strongly supports the assertion?

  1. The No-Changers promoted khadi, national education, social reform and preparation for the resumption of civil disobedience.
  2. The Swarajists entered legislative councils to obstruct colonial governance, while the Responsivists later favoured cooperation with the government and acceptance of office.
  3. The HRA was reorganised with socialism as its official goal, while open organisations were used for political work among workers, peasants, students and youth.
  4. The Kakori robbery, the assassination of Saunders and the Central Legislative Assembly bombing exemplified individual heroic action by revolutionaries.
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