Union-State relations and emergency provisions (Parts XI to XIII, XVIII)
National and financial emergency (Art. 352-354, 358-360)
Concepts to cover
- Grounds, Cabinet recommendation and approval (Art. 352)
- Effects on executive, legislative and financial relations (Art. 353-354)
- Suspension of Article 19 in external emergency (Art. 358)
- Suspension of enforcement of rights except 20 and 21 (Art. 359)
- Safeguards added by the 44th Amendment
- Threat to financial stability; approval within two months (Art. 360)
- Directions on salaries and reservation of money Bills (Art. 360(4))
- Never invoked; contrast with the other two emergencies
Where to study
The Constitution of India
- Art. 352-354
- Art. 358-359
- Art. 360
- Art. 352
- Art. 353-354
- Art. 358
- Art. 359
- Art. 352 footnotes
- Art. 360(4)
Indian Polity · M. Laxmikanth
- ch. 16 National Emergency
- ch. 16 Financial Emergency