UPSC Prelims · General Studies

Modern history

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Resistance before 1857 and the Revolt of 1857

1857: causes, outbreak, centres and leaders

Political (lapse, Awadh), economic (revenue, taluqdars), socio-religious (reforms, missionaries), military (pay, General Service Act, Enfield rifle) causes
Barrackpore and Mangal Pandey March 1857, Meerut 10 May, march to Delhi and proclamation of Bahadur Shah Zafar
Delhi (Bakht Khan), Kanpur (Nana Saheb, Tantia Tope), Lucknow (Begum Hazrat Mahal), Jhansi (Lakshmibai), Bareilly (Khan Bahadur Khan), Arrah (Kunwar Singh), Faizabad (Maulvi Ahmadullah)
Summary Settlement 1856 dispossessed taluqdars; taluqdars, peasants and sepoys joined in Awadh; NCERT reading of rebel proclamations
Role of rumours, the Azamgarh proclamation and the appeal to a lost order as read in NCERT Theme 10

Where to study

ch. 5 When People Revolt: 1857 and After, pp. 1-14 (printed 51-64)
ch. 5 When People Revolt: 1857 and After, Policies and the People, pp. 1-4 (printed 51-54)
ch. 5 When People Revolt: 1857 and After, From Meerut to Delhi; The uprising spreads, pp. 6-7 (printed 56-57)
ch. 5 When People Revolt: 1857 and After, The uprising spreads, pp. 7-8 (printed 57-58)
ch. 5 When People Revolt: 1857 and After, Nawabs lose their power, pp. 1-2 (printed 51-52)
ch. 5 When People Revolt: 1857 and After, Through the Eyes of the People, pp. 3-4 (printed 53-54)

Theme 10 Rebels and the Raj, pp. 1-28 (printed 258-285)
Theme 10 Rebels and the Raj, 1.1 How the mutinies began, pp. 2-3 (printed 259-260)
Theme 10 Rebels and the Raj, 1. Pattern of the Uprising, pp. 1-5 (printed 258-262)
Theme 10 Rebels and the Raj, 1.3 Leaders and followers; Two rebels of 1857, pp. 5-7 (printed 262-264)
Theme 10 Rebels and the Raj, 2. Awadh in Revolt, pp. 9-12 (printed 266-269)
Theme 10 Rebels and the Raj, 1.4 Rumours and prophecies; 3. What the Rebels Wanted, pp. 7-17 (printed 264-274)