Civil Services Prepby Garima Malik & Nitin Sangwan Account

UPSC Prelims · General Studies

Ancient, medieval & culture

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Indian art and culture / Religion and philosophy

Buddhist schools, Mahayana and the Bodhisattva ideal

Practise 8 PYQs

Concepts to cover

  1. Sthaviravada (Theravada, Hinayana) versus Mahasanghika; Mahasanghika deification of the Buddha fostering Mahayana; Lokottaravada offshoot; Andhra centres
  2. Sarvastivada (constituents exist in latent form; Kashmir, Gandhara), Sautrantika, Sammitiya (Vatsiputriya), Pudgalavada
  3. Mahayana: deification of the Buddha, Bodhisattva path, image worship and rituals, paramitas (perfections), Prajnaparamita
  4. Bodhisattva: compassionate being who delays own salvation to help all sentient beings; Maitreya the future Buddha, Avalokiteshvara (Padmapani, Lokeshvara), Manjushri
  5. Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka, Asanga and Vasubandhu's Yogachara, Dignaga and Dharmakirti's logic; Aryadeva as Buddhist scholar
  6. Vajrayana under the Palas: tantra, Tara, Vikramashila, Odantapuri; transmission to Tibet (Atisha)
  7. Tabo (Spiti), Alchi (Ladakh), Lhotsava Lhakhang at Nako (Kinnaur, not Zanskar), Hemis, Thiksey, Tawang, Rumtek, Key
Where to study

Themes in Indian History Part I, Class XII, Theme 4 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings: Cultural Developments

  • Theme 4 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings, pp. 1-33 (printed 82-114)
  • Theme 4 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings, 10. New Religious Traditions: Hinayana or Theravada?, p. 22 (printed 103)
  • Theme 4 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings, 10. New Religious Traditions (Mahayana, Bodhisatta, image worship), pp. 22-23 (printed 103-104)
  • Theme 4 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings, 10. New Religious Traditions (the Bodhisatta as compassionate being), pp. 22-23 (printed 103-104)
  • Theme 4 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings, 3. Beyond Worldly Pleasures; 9. Sculpture (Tara, tantric goddesses), pp. 7-18 (printed 88-99)

India’s Ancient Past · R. S. Sharma

  • ch. 14 and 29
  • ch. 14
  • ch. 29

Indian Art and Culture · Nitin Singhania

  • ch. 19

Tamil Nadu State Board Class XI History, Volume I

  • Lesson 3 Rise of Territorial Kingdoms and New Religious Sects, Buddhist Councils; Buddhist Literature (Sthaviravadins and Mahasanghikas, Hinayana and Mahayana), pp. 55-57 (printed 51-53)
  • Lesson 3 Rise of Territorial Kingdoms and New Religious Sects, Buddhist Councils (the Fourth Council at Kashmir and the Sarvastivadins), p. 56 (printed 52)
  • Lesson 3 Rise of Territorial Kingdoms and New Religious Sects, Buddhist Literature (Mahayana and Hinayana), pp. 56-57 (printed 52-53)
  • Lesson 7 The Guptas, Prakrit Language and Literature; Nalanda University (Vasubandhu and Dignaga on logic), p. 121 (printed 117)
  • Lesson 3 Rise of Territorial Kingdoms and New Religious Sects, Buddhist Literature (Vajrayana), pp. 56-57 (printed 52-53)
  • Lesson 8 Harsha and Rise of Regional Kingdoms, 8.3 Establishment of the Pala Dynasty; Pala Rulers; Literature (Buddhist patronage, Vikramasila), pp. 135-136 (printed 131-132)

An Introduction to Indian Art Part I, Class XI, ch. 4 Post-Mauryan Trends in Indian Art and Architecture

  • ch. 4 Post-Mauryan Trends in Indian Art and Architecture, Cave Tradition in Western India (Padmapani, Vajrapani, Amitabha, Maitreya), p. 8 (printed 34)
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