India: climate and the monsoon
Distribution and variability of rainfall
Practise 1 PYQConcepts to cover
- Spatial pattern: heavy rainfall areas (west coast, north-east), decrease from east to west in the plains, dry Rajasthan and Ladakh, Deccan rain shadow
- Variability of rainfall: high in low-rainfall areas, floods and droughts
- IMD meteorological subdivisions and the Long Period Average categories (excess, normal, deficient)
- Orographic effects: Western Ghats windward and leeward, Meghalaya funnel, Himalaya foothills
Where to study
India: Physical Environment, Class XI, chapter 4: Climate (2026-27)
- ch. 4, Climate, p. 1-15 (book pages 27-41)
- ch. 4, Distribution of Rainfall, p. 12 (book page 38)
- ch. 4, Variability of rainfall, p. 12 (book page 38)
- ch. 4, Monsoons and the Economic Life in India, p. 12 (book page 38)
- ch. 4, rainshadow, p. 11 (book page 37)
- ch. 4, Monsoon Winds of the Bay of Bengal, p. 11 (book page 37)
Frequently asked Questions (FAQs) on Monsoon
- Rainfall statistics, p. 1
- Vagaries of monsoon; floods and droughts, p. 15