India: drainage and water resources
Drainage systems of India: concepts and evolution
Practise 2 PYQsConcepts to cover
- Drainage basin, catchment, watershed and divide; classification by size and origin
- Himalayan versus Peninsular rivers: perennial flow, gorges and meanders, deltas versus estuaries, age
- Antecedent (Indus, Sutlej, Brahmaputra) and superimposed drainage
- Evolution: the Indobrahm or Shiwalik river and its dismemberment into Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra
- Pleistocene shifts between Indus and Ganga systems: palaeo-Sarasvati, Yamuna and Sutlej capture, river dolphin evidence
- Evolution of Peninsular drainage: subsidence of the western flank, Narmada and Tapi rift valleys, tilting to the east
Where to study
India: Physical Environment, Class XI, chapter 3: Drainage System (2026-27)
- ch. 3, Drainage System, p. 1-10 (book pages 17-26)
- ch. 3, Drainage System, p. 1 (book page 17)
- ch. 3, Drainage Systems of India, p. 3 (book page 19)
- ch. 3, antecedent, p. 5-7 (book pages 21-23)
- ch. 3, Evolution of the Himalayan Drainage, p. 4 (book page 20)
- ch. 3, The Evolution of Peninsular Drainage System, p. 7 (book page 23)
Geography of India · Majid Husain
- ch. 3, Drainage Systems and Water Resources